Modern and Contemporary Asian Art Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Modern and Contemporary Asian Art - Article Example Marko Mori was born in 1967, in Tokyo Japan. Her father was an inventor and real estate manager. On the other hand, her mother was a historian of European art. Mori started working as a fashion model in 1980 while studying at Bunka Fashion College in Tokyo. She later on moved to London to study at the Chelsea College of art and design. She studied there until 1992 when she moved to New York and took part in the independent program at the Whitney Museum of American art. Mariko currently resides in New York and Tokyo. Marko Mori was born in 1967, in Tokyo Japan. Her father was an inventor and real estate manager. On the other hand, her mother was a historian of European art. Mori started working as a fashion model in 1980 while studying at Bunka Fashion College in Tokyo. She later on moved to London to study at the Chelsea College of art and design. She studied there until 1992 when she moved to New York and took part in the independent program at the Whitney Museum of American art. Ma riko currently resides in New York and Tokyo. In 1996, Marko Mori released a video titled, link of the moon. In the video, the five aspects of humanity get clearly illustrated (Bailey 2000, p.4). These are birth, death, love, sex and beauty. The video uses DVD on five screens to display the movements involve in martial arts. In the video, Marko Mori holds a crystal ball which symbolizes transformation and transportation. There are curious passers-by who seem less concerned with Marko Mori. They pass by her. The passers-by can be symbolized in the capsule as colorful distortions. Marko Mori started her large scale self portrait in the mid 1990’s. She used multimedia techniques to establish herself with performances and videos of the traditional Japanese rituals. Her themes illustrate everything in the modern Japan while showing the trends in fashion experienced in Japan. One can hardly point out on a style used by Mori. Hers is a collection of many styles blended together. Her belief, which is neither Buddhist nor Shiro, comes out clearly in her artworks (Smith et al 2008, p.6). Her belief seems to stem from technology. Technology in some aspects can be described to be Mori’s religion. Her use of technology in an artwork is quite well blended. She manages to integrate the two, technology and art, to bring out the ideas she wants to express. In Nirvana, which got released in 1997, Mori transforms into a flying divinity. This can be said to have been borrowed from the Buddhism religion. She, however, does not recreate a symbol with this art. She rather manages to express a divinity of the future. This is the extent to which Mori manages to use technology in her artistic work (Wu et al 2010, p.1).

Australian Tourism and Hospitality Law Case Study - 1

Australian Tourism and Hospitality Law - Case Study Example The case was dismissed in the long run and the plaintiff sued the state after becoming a quadriplegic after diving into the rock pool. Larry’s case is not so much different from the previous case and he can sue against the National Park’s authority basing his argument on the different provisions of law. Larry can sue the authorities based on the provisions of the Civil Liability Act (CLA) that provides for safety measures in work places1. He can also sue for negligence and failure to observe the duty of care by the authorities. However, subject to the above ruling, the defendant is bound to claim that the rock pool was cited as a place of interest. Defenses available to the defendant are that he was not aware that Larry and his friend were within the vicinity so there was no negligence on his part since he did not see them as they used a different route to get the pool. Besides, it was their duty to exercise care considering it was a new environment and exposure to them. Common law provides that if a person is injured as a result of negligence, then the person is entitled to full compensation in terms of damages, based on the court ruling extent of negligence and duty of care2. On the basis of common practices, the case may be bound to be dismissed considering the rulings of other cases like it. However, under the civil liability legislation, Larry may be compensated for injuries he has sustained maintaining other provisions of law such as

the history about oxidation ponds

the history about oxidation ponds Introduction The most popular wastewater treatment is Oxidation ponds, which will produce an effluent meeting the recommended microbiological and chemical quality guidelines both at low cost and with minimum operational and maintenance cost. A low level of treatment is especially suitable in developing countries, not only from the point of view of cost but also in terms of the difficulty of operating complex systems. In many locations it will be better to design the reuse system to accept a low-grade of effluent rather than to rely on advanced treatment processes producing a reclaimed effluent which continuously meets a stringent quality standard. Oxidation ponds are now regarded as the method of first choice for the treatment of wastewater in many parts of the world. In Europe, for example Oxidation ponds are very widely used for small rural communities (approximately upto 2000 population but larger systems exist in Mediterranean France and also in Spain and Portugal). In the United States one third of all wastewater treatment plants are Oxidation ponds, usually serving populations up to 5000. However, in warmer climates (the Middle East, Africa, Asia and Latin America) ponds are commonly used for larger populations (upto around 1 million). In developing countries and especially in the tropical and equatorial regions sewage treatment by Oxidation ponds has been considered an ideal way of using natural processes to improve sewage effluents. Oxidation ponds, also called Waste Stabilization Ponds (WSP) or lagoons, are holding basins used for secondary wastewater (sewage effluents) treatment where decomposition of organic matter is processed naturally, i.e. biologically. The activity in the Oxidation ponds is a complex symbiosis of bacteria and Algae, which stabilizes the waste and reduces pathogens. The result of this biological process is to convert the organic content of the effluent to more stable and less offensive forms. Oxidation ponds are used to treat a variety of wastewaters, from domestic wastewaters to complex industrial waters, and they function under a wide range of weather conditions, i.e. tropical to arctic. They can be used alone or in combination with treatment processes. There are normally at least two ponds constructed. The first pond reduces the organic material using aerobic digestion while the second pond polishes the effluent and reduces the pathogens present in sewage. Sewage enters a large pond after passing through a settling and screening chamber. After retention for several days, the flow is often passed into a second pond for further treatment before it is discharged into a drain. Bacteria already present in sewage acts to break down organic matter using oxygen from the surface of the pond. Oxidation ponds need to be dislodged periodically in order to work effectively. There are three types of Oxidation Ponds which are, Anaerobic ponds Facultative ponds Maturation ponds Usually an Oxidation ponds system comprises a single series of the three ponds types. In essence, anaerobic and facultative ponds are designed for BOD removal (Biological Oxidation Demand) and maturation ponds for pathogen removal, although some BOD removal occurs in maturation ponds and some pathogen removal in anaerobic and facultative ponds. In many instances only anaerobic and facultative ponds are required. Anaerobic Ponds Anaerobic ponds are deep treatment ponds that exclude oxygen and encourage the growth of bacteria, which breaks down the effluent. Its in the anaerobic pond that the effluent begins breaking down in the absence of oxygen anaerobically. The anaerobic pond acts like an uncovered septic tank. Anaerobic bacteria break down the organic matter in the effluent, releasing methane and carbon dioxide. Sludge is deposited on the bottom and a crust forms on the surface as . Anaerobic ponds are commonly 2-5 m deep and receive such a high Organic loading (usually > 100 g BOD/m3 d equivalent to > 3000 kg/ha/d for a depth of 3 m). They contain an Organic loading that is very high relative to the amount of Oxygen entering the pond, which maintains anaerobic conditions to the pond surface. Anaerobic ponds dont contain algae, although occasionally a thin film of mainly Chlamydomonas can be seen at the surface. They work extremely well in warm climate (can attain 60-85% BOD removal) and have relatively short retention time (for BOD of up to 300 mg/l, one day is sufficient at temperature > 20oC). Facultative Ponds Facultative ponds (1-2 m deep) are of two types: primary facultative ponds, which receive raw wastewater and secondary facultative ponds, which receive settled wastewater (usually the effluent from anaerobic ponds). They are designed for BOD removal on the basis of a relatively low surface loading (100-400 kg BOD/ha d at temperature between 20 °C and 25 °C) to permit the development of a healthy Algal population as the Oxygen for BOD removal by the pond bacteria is mostly generated by Algal photosynthesis. Due to the Algae facultative ponds are coloured dark green, although they may occasionally appear red or pink (especially when slightly overloaded) due to the presence of Anaerobic purple sulphide-oxidizing photosynthetic bacteria. Algae populations within the aerobic pond require sunlight. They develop and produce oxygen in excess of their own requirements. It is this excess of oxygen that is used by bacteria to further break down the Organic matter within the effluent. The algal production of oxygen occurs near the surface of aerobic ponds to the depth to which light can penetrate. Oxygen can also be introduced by wind. This facultative condition occurs because high oxygen levels cannot be maintained to the total depth of aerobic ponds. So, a fully aerobic surface layer develops along with an aerobic/anaerobic intermediate layer, and a fully anaerobic layer on the pond bottom. Oxygen is unable to be maintained at the lower layers when, the pond is too deep and the colour is too dark to allow light to penetrate fully. The demand for oxygen in the lower layer is higher than the supply. Demand is increased with high levels of organic matter. The anaerobic layer will be deeper in an aerobic pond where there is an extremely high organic matter content of the inflowing effluent. The surface layer, rich in oxygen is not adequately mixed with the bottom layer. Maturation Ponds These ponds receive the effluent from a facultative pond and its size and number depends on the required bacteriological quality of the final effluent. Maturation ponds are shallow (1.0-1.5 m) m, and their entire volume is well oxygenated throughout the day. Their algal population is much more diverse than of facultative ponds. Thus, the algal diversity increases from pond to pond along the series. The main removal mechanisms especially of pathogens and faecal coliforms are ruled by algal activity in synergy with photo-oxidation. On the other hand, maturation ponds only achieve a small removal of BOD5, but their contribution to nitrogen and phosphorus removal is more significant. A total nitrogen removal of 80% in all waste Oxodation pond systems, which in this figure corresponds to 95% ammonia removal. It should be emphasised that most ammonia and nitrogen is removed in maturation ponds. However, the total phosphorus removal in maturation ponds system is low, usually less than 50%. Methodology And Its Evaluation As part of my report, I choose Waiwera Oxidation pond in Rodney District council. This pond has been designed for a population of about 1920 with the Orewa ponds. Septic tank sludge is not permitted in this ponds, there are two ponds operated in Waiwera, which are medium depth of 1.7m. This pond has flat clay bottoms and clay compacted with concrete wave barriers with a 25 degrees slope (1 in 2.1). Water is transferred between ponds through a submerged pipe and effluent is discharged to the Waiwera River with a submerged outlet. Council doesnt allow to discharge between 15th of December to 1st of February every year. So, the discharge outlet is shown in figure 4 and 5 below. Discharged Treated Water To Waiwera River These ponds are build on mangrove flats of the Waiwera River. The ponds have been operating since 1974 and the only problem occurred due to moribund blue-green algae. The ponds are operated as a primary pond, the smaller pond was used with estimated loading of only 36 kg BOD/ha day until 22nd December 1977, but when the larger pond became the primary pond the load then being approximately 21 kg BOD/ha day. In Waiwera Oxidation pond blue-green algae were Microcystis, aeruginosa and Anabaenopsis. In pond 1 green algae were only dominant during August to September 1977, when Chlorella was the most number in species, but during march to April 1978 when Actinastrum, hantzschii was the only dominant. While changing from pond 1 to the primary pond didnt appeared to affect the algal species. Which can be seen in figure 6 down below. Blue-Green Algae In Pond Green algae were dominant for more time in pond 2 rather than pond 1. During that time pond 2 was the primary pond. Selesnastrum minutum was a dominant for a short period in July 1977, then Chlorella and Micractinium pusillum then Actinastrum hantzschii during mid-November 1977 till mid-January 1978. Faecal coliform bacteria were in higher number in winter period, when the lower than usual removal in the pond. The remaining time removal rate was in excess of 90%, the counting ranged from 9 to 4300 MPN/100ml. The highest consistent removal rate was achieved between January and March 1978, when the detention time was highest. As seen in the above table 1, Oxidation pond water temperatures ranged from 10.4⠁ °C to 26.0⠁ °C. Dissolved Oxygen(D.O) concentrations in both ponds were usually close or over the saturation value except in low algal numbers. In tertiary pond, pH values varied throughout the year, being less than 9 units in the autumn and winter, and exceeding 10 units during times of high blue-green algal numbers in the spring and summer, the highest value recorded being 10.5 units. The chloride concentration in the Waiwera ponds was exceptionally high as a result of thermal water infiltration. The concentration fell each winter through dilution with storm water, the maximum value was 776 g/m3 in January 1978, and the concentration did not fall below 700 g/m3 until May. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) concentration varied, being less than 20 g/m3 for most of the year, rising to higher values particularly after Algal blooms. Inorganic-N concentrations were noticeably lower than in most other pon d systems, the ammonium-N concentration usually being around 1 g/m3 and the nitrate-N concentration, highest during winter, only being above 0.5 g/m3 in June/July 1977. The total non-filterable residue concentration was highest when dense blooms of Microcystis aeruginosa were present. The turbidity followed the algal count closely. Mineral water infiltration into the Waiwera ponds was implicated by the high lithium concentration being at least 25 times greater than in ponds not influenced by thermal waters, and 2.5 times greater than that in seawater. The high Na:K ratio of 38:1 also favours the thermal water (ratio 9:1). The sodium and chloride concentrations contributed by the thermal water (Na:635 g/m3; c1: g/m3) would be 203 g/m3 and 330 g/m3 respectively, leaving a difference of 75 g/m3 Na and 77 g/m3 C1 which is within the range expected from domestic sewage. Following in the Table 2 and Table 3 and graph 1 shows the Dominant Algae in pond 1 and pond 2 in 1977 and 1978. Order Of Dominant Algae In Waiwera Pond 1 In 1977 Scan And Paste It Order Of Dominant Algae In Waiwera Pond 2 In 1977 Scan And Paste It Efficiency Efficiency depending on the loading rate, temperature, BOD concentration, engineering details of the pond, and maintenance of the pond, particularly with respect to dislodging and crust control. So, the efficiency is quiet effective in that case proved by the above data. There are some advantages and disadvantages of the Oxidation ponds for smaller population area: Advantages Oxidation ponds will produce an effluent meeting, the recommended microbiological and chemical quality guidelines both at low cost with minimal operational and maintenance requirements. It costs low a level of treatment as possible is especially desirable in developing countries, not only from the point of view of cost but also in the difficulty of operating complex systems reliably. It makes the environment better as well as cleaning up the water. It deals a large amount of wastewater at same time. It utilizes the natural resource to help human beings and it can be used in low population. Disadvantages Oxidation ponds in some circumstances create insect and odours problems. But their main disadvantage for a small beach or lakeside community is the relatively large areas of flat land required conveniently located nearby. Impervious subsoils below the pond are necessary to prevent excessive loss by infiltration to the ground water, failing this an impermeable membrane must be laid to keep effluent from escaping through the base and sides of the pond. Lastly, the depth of the pond is not advised to be increased above 2.0 m as efficiency drops away which is more and it occupies large area. Conclusion The purpose of this report is to give a clear concept of the Oxidation Pond and its BOD level and Algae. As well as, the report provides a number of data of a real case in different year. Oxidation ponds require larger space and useful for developing countries and rural areas, where there is low population around 2000 3000. It is low capital treatment plant which is more economic. Oxidation pond treatment plants are considered useful because of their low capital costs, their easy to maintenance and their potentially longer life-cycles. Oxidation ponds proved to be one of the most efficient, high performance and low-cost Waste Water Treatment Technology used around the world. Oxidation pond water temperatures ranged from 10.4⠁ °C to 26.0⠁ °C during that time. There are many aspects of risk, so still need to take perfect steps while constructing the Oxidation pond or Stabilization ponds. They are pond embankment breach, erosion, flooding, noise, insect attraction etc. It would be better to take consideration to those elements when it is designed. Acknowledgements The data for this research was provided by Rodney District Council, New Zealand. The assistance of the staff involved, to arrange time to visit the site. And thanks to Glenys Rule, who took me the site visit, gave me some site maps and photos and the excellent advice. Special thanks to Babar Mahmood (Course coordinator of this course, Senior Lecturer, Programme Director for BE and Programme Coordinator for BEngTech (Civil) Programmes) for giving me this chance to learn about the Oxidation pond. References https://www.iwk.com.my/sewerage-fact-02-04.htm http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL_udi=B6V73-3VGK7KC-2H_user=2486523_rdoc=1_fmt=_orig=search_sort=dview=c_acct=C000057528_version=1_urlVersion=0_userid=2486523md5=0c94a848bdfe4328b42e75fe3f162b14 Abis, Karen L. (2002). The performance of facultative waste stabilization ponds in the United Kingdom. Ph.D. thesis, U.K. University of Leeds. â€Å"Loan Proposal for Sewage Treatment and Disposal for Waiwera,† Waitemata County Council â€Å"A survey of Oxidation Ponds in Auckland Region,† Auckland Regional Authority, works division 1979 http://www.irc.nl/page/8237

Euthanasia Essay - Dr. Quill and Dr. Kevorkian :: Euthanasia, Physician Assisted Suicide

There are many different methods of approaching patients facing the end of their lives. Since technology has increased the ability to sustain life longer, patient assisted suicide has become an increasingly more popular avenue for doctors to explore. This topic, since it deals with the power over life and death, touches on some of the deepest of human feelings. The argument over whose or which approach is most viable can become a heated one and could never be solved with one broad stroke since it deals with individuals on such an intimate level. Both Dr. Jack Kevorkian and Dr. Timothy Quill have there own views on which methods are correct, some of their views are similar and some are quite different. Both doctors agree that certain people at the end of their lives shouldn't have to suffer any more than they have to, but they differ in the methods in which lead up to the decision process of choosing euthanasia or not. The belief that individuals facing terminal illnesses and or certain death in a short period of time should have the "right to die with as much control and dignity as possible" is shared by both Kevorkian and Quill (Quill 434). There are many cases in which people become sick and life becomes an endless episode phasing between unconsciousness and severe pain. There are also cases in which an individual becomes diagnosed with a disease with no definite cure and faces a road of painful treatment and emotional heartache . One example of this was Diane's case. Diane was one of Dr. Quills patients who was diagnosed with "acute myelomonocytic leukemia", a disease with a 25% survival rate with treatment and certain death in at most a few months without treatment (Quill 434). This disease is very painful to say the least. She was faced with the decision between a painful treatment process or death. Diane chose to let the disease run its course, this way she would be able to say her final good-byes to her family. Her only worry was that in the final stages of her death, would she be able to control herself, or would she slip away in agony. To avoid this she asked Dr. Quill if he would give her a prescription for barbiturates so that when the end was near she would be able to control her

Of Mice and Men †Character study of Slim Essay

Of Mice and Men is set in California during the 1930s. This is an important time in US history because it was the time of the Great Depression, which did not end until the start of the Second World War. During this period of failed businesses, harsh poverty and long-term unemployment, many migrant workers came to California from other parts of America in search of work. The ranch workers in the book are all examples of people who have been affected by the Great Depression, as most of them are itinerant worker. One of them being Slim, who I am to be analysing from the book, to see what contribution and importance he makes in this Novel. Slim is described as a highly skilled mule driver and the acknowledged â€Å"prince† of the ranch. Steinbeck describes Slim in much greater detail than any other character, which indicates to us that he is a very important character in the novella. The description is also very unusual because the story just stops for a while as Slim is being described over two pages. He’s the only character who seems to be at peace with himself. Steinbeck also describes him as something of a living legend â€Å"he moved with a majesty only achieved by royalty and master craftsmen†. There was gravity in his manner and a quiet yet so profound, that all talk stopped when he spoke, as I he had mystical powers. His hatchet face was ageless. Slim is not only respected for his skill as a ranch hand as they say ‘he could kill fly on the wheelers butt with a bull whip without touching the mule’ but he is also seen as a man who thinks things through especially before speaking when it says ‘his ear heard more†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ His ear heard more than was said to him, and his slow speech had overtones not of thought, but of understanding beyond thought. His authority was so great that his word was taken on any subject, be it politics or love. Slim lingers in the shadow of his overwhelming description throughout the novel. He serves as the fearless, decision-maker when conflicts arise among the workers and wins the confidence of George, offering advice, comfort, and quiet words of wisdom. Steinbeck from the start makes Slim above the other men and this is continuous throughout the whole novel till the end of the story. Slim’s presence is first noted in the bunkhouse. Even though it is here that he is introduced in a proper manner, we are already aware of the fact that he is an agreeable and pleasant man through certain statements made by other characters previously. For example, Candy states that Slim is a â€Å"Hell of a nice fella†. Furthermore, we learn that he is a likable and attractive man on account of Curley’s wife, â€Å"Hi, Good-lookin'†. Steinbeck’s use of biblical light imagery immediately emphasizes the fact that Slim’s character signals a sense of hope and a way out of the darkness. For example, as the text states, â€Å"Slim reached up over the card-table and turned on the tin-shaded electric light. Instantly the table was bright with light, and the cone of the shade threw its brightness straight downward, leaving the corners of the bunkhouse still in dusk.† I think not only the description implies to the light and hope of Slim’ s character, but also the importance of Slim’s presence, as the light is the brightest at where Slim is, and darker as it gets further away from Slim. I think there is an underlying hint of Slim’s status as the â€Å"core† on the ranch. One of the most distinctive contributions Slim brings is when George confides in him about how he and Lennie travel round together. Slim is clever in the way he brings this topic up as he says ‘†funny how you an’ him string along together†. But he says it calmly and invitingly to George, also the tone Slim uses offers confidence to George to talk. Slim does not prey or resort to bullying tactics when extracting information about George’s past, rather he exudes a â€Å"calm invitation to confidence†. The effect of this is that George appears to feel comfortable and at ease, and he is able to expand his relationship with Lennie. George does not appear to hold back when describing the close and loving relationship he shares with Lennie. For example, George states, â€Å"Him and me was both born in Auburn. I knowed his Aunt Clara. When Aunt Clara died, Lennie just come along with me out workin’. Got kinda used to each other after a little wh ile†. . When George and Lennie arrive together at the bunkhouse people think it is strange for men to travel together. This shows that society is use to people travelling alone. So through Slim, Steinbeck uses him as a way of criticising society. With all of Slim’s God-like features it is hard for us to understand why he is there at the ranch until this scene as it opens up the story a little bit more. Slim’s calm and gentle presence allows George to reveal these intimate personal details about his shared history with Lennie. George also mentions the incident that took place at Weed and this shows how much integrity Slim has and how he now acquired Georges respect. It is as George’s voice takes on the tone of a confessor. The fact that George feels he is able to reveal these details to Slim allows the plot to appear more realistic. English Coursework Of Mice and Men The character of Slim, unlike the others doesn’t have any real ambition; he has nowhere to go and no American Dream. I think that Slim even with his wisdom and perfect like characteristics still, has nothing to call his own and will, by every indication, remain a migrant worker until his death. Slim differs from the others in the fact that he does not seem to want something outside of what he has, he is not fooled by a dream, and he has not laid any plans like the others. I personally think that Slim still has ideas and a dream inside but one that he has control over unlike the others. Slim just seems to have somehow reached the sad conclusion that dreams rarely work in a world full of obstacles. Slim is a contrast to Curley. Slim only uses his strength when it is necessary whereas Curley’s uses his openly. For example when Curley attacks Lennie for thinking that he is laughing at him, Slim wants to end the fight but George stops him. Slim only decides to jump in after Lennie attacks Curley. Afterwards Slim shows his cleverness when he thinks of a plan to keep George and Lennie on the ranch. When Lennie breaks Curley’s hand George says to Slim, â€Å"Slim, will we get canned now?’†¦Slim smiled†. George and the reader think that George and Lennie will be sacked but Slim makes a massive impression on the readers in this scene as he thinks of an intelligent plan. He says to Curley, â€Å"I think you got your hand caught in a machine.† Otherwise Slim would have told the truth and Curley’s would lose his pride. Slim’s plan is important because I think that nobody else would have thought of it as they all stood in shock. Both of the characters use their authority differently. Curley has authority because he is the boss’s son, while Slim has the friendship of all around him. Curley’s uses his power to bully people but Slim has on certain occasions used his against Curley. This happens when Curley pesters Slim about where his wife is. Slim says, â€Å"you lay offa me.† And Curley reply is, â€Å"I didn’t mean nothing†¦I jus’ thought you might of saw her.† Curley is threatened by Slim because he does not know what Slim is capable of. Whit said, â€Å"Nobody knows what Slim can do.† This shows that Slim has never lost his temper to the extent that it would end up in a brawl. This is an example of the wonderful power Slim possess in the ranch. Slim is quite unlike any other character in the novel. I feel that Steinbeck uses Slim to show the extent of the Great Depression. Slim comes across as being civilized and educated but as I have said earlier Slim is only a jerk line skinner and nothing more. We also get the impression that he will become nothing more. This shows that even characters of Slim’s status could not find work. Through out the book it is made to sound that Slim is the hero where infact it is more so the case that he is not the hero everyone else is just a failure.

Comparison of Wilfred Owen Poems Essay

Wilfred Owen is a twentieth century poetry writer who was born in Oswestry in Shropshire. In 1915 he enlisted fighting on the western front. During a spell in the Craglockhart hospital he met Seigfried Sassoon who encouraged him to develop his poetry. Owens’s poems are amongst the most famous and poignant of the war. He died in1918 trying to cross the Sambre canal. From his work I will analyse and study two poems. The poems which I have chosen are Dulce Et Decorum Est and Disabled. The reason why I decided to analyse these poems is because I felt that they both told a catastrophic and heartbreaking story of what war was really like. Both of these poems were written at a time when Wilfred Owen seemed to be bitter, some may say disenchanted by the whole situation. Arguably his most famous poem, ‘Dulce et Decorum Est’, is a fine example of his narrative, first-person poems, written through his own eyes and based on his own experiences and views of the war. I have chosen to describe Dulce Et because it shows the struggle of a group of people who have to overcome the most extraordinary events day in day out. I have chosen Disabled because it shows the struggle of one man who everyday contemplates his wasted life. All he has are the memories but they seem to become more distant as the days go on. Dulce Et Decorum Est Pro Patri Mori translated in to English means It Is Sweet And Honourable To Die For Ones Country. If someone is reading the poem for the first time and learns of the English meaning of the title before reading the poem they may feel it is a poem that represents the army in a positive way. However this assumption could not be further from the truth. After reading the poem a number of times I have come to a conclusion that Owen has titled this poem Dulce Et Decorum Est because of the strong statement that he makes in the poem. In a way I get the feeling that Owen was mocking the saying but I do not think he was mocking the army as a whole just that single principal. The soldiers are weighed down by all the things that they are carrying, perhaps they are even weighed down by the expectation of their country. Owen says, † Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs† The soldiers are exhausted and so tired that even when the flares go off behind them they do not have the energy to or even feel like turning around to see them. Owen describes the soldiers as being â€Å"Drunk with fatigue† He is saying that the soldiers are so tired that it is as though they are drunk. Owen is trying to say that the soldiers are as though they do not know entirely what they are doing. They are just being led along like zombies because they are inexperience and have no clue to what is happening. These men are but mere shadows of the bright vibrant people that started on this epic journey. The pace of the poem quickens in the second stanza. The soldiers are awoken by a gas attack. This effectively shatters the mood that Owen has told of us in the opening stanza. The soldiers are now awoken by the fact that their lives are in extreme danger and they now have to be fully aware of all their surroundings. Owen says, † Dim through the misty panes and thick green light, As under a green sea, I saw him drowning† The green light Owen talks of is the sight of toxic gas which they can see through their gas masks. Owen uses a simile saying that the man is drowning in a green sea. The reality of this is that the man is drowning in a sea of his own toxic blood. He tells us how this memory has stayed with him. The sickening sight of a man plunging at him. Owen seems to have a great fear of the gas attacks when he talks about them. He talks of all of the nightmares he has had because of the war and this event in particular He states, â€Å"In all my dreams before my helpless sight† The word ‘helpless’ shows that he could not do nothing to help that man apart from stare at him and feel sorry for him. He describes how the man was taken away and the narrator Owen walked behind and saw his face. Owen is still haunted by the nightmare. â€Å"We flung him in† The dead bodies are treated like meat there are so many deaths it becomes like a routine thing. He realises the horror that is standing behind the man who has been gassed to death. â€Å"My friend, you would not tell with such high zest To children ardent for some desperate glory.† Owen is saying that if you could see the horrific events he had seen then you would not believe the lie. By saying this he is expressing the bitterness he has not only for the army but the situation as a whole. He believes that the army has portrayed the life of a soldier at war as being heroic and exciting but in real life it is the complete opposite. Owen adds more examples of this throughout the last stanza for example he says, â€Å"If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood Come gargling from the froth coming-corrupted lungs,† In this quote he describes the situation that the men where in and how their lungs were pumping out blood instead of air. Owen is trying to make the reader understand that the war was told to be very fascinating and an intriguing experience but in reality that is far from the truth. Owens main question to the reader in the last stanza is before going into the army think carefully about what you are doing as you might experience something in great contrast to what you may have imagined. The poem is describing a terrible shocking death by gas, how can it be sweet and honourable to die for ones country if you die like this. This is the country that sold him the old lie. â€Å"Dulce et decorum Est pro patri mori.† In the poem ‘Disabled’ Owen is describing someone that he knew in the army. This man was in the Scottish regiment, He has had his leg blown up when he was fighting in the war. His disability is extremely severe, because he has no legs and his arms are sewn at the elbow. He has to be dependant on other people to feed him, clothe him and wash him. He is in an institute, a nursing home of some sort. He wants very much to be in the dark because then everything will be quiet. He is sick and tired with life and is waiting to die. He hears voices of boys singing, these are voices of people playing just as he had once played. He talks about the evenings. He says that at this time the towns atmosphere was fun and happy everyone is dancing having fun. He is very sad that he will never again experience this. He says the girls look upon him like he has some kind of disease. He talks of how he will never again feel the waist of a woman, he also talks about how he, â€Å"threw away his knees in the war†. This quote is a metaphor and it means that his leg got blown up during the war and it does not mean that he literally threw his knees in the war. This type of literary device is used so that the poet could compare one object with another directly instead of using like and as. In the third verse Owen describes the effects after war and how your appearance could change drastically. He says, â€Å"For it was younger than his youth, last year. Now, he is old; his back will never brace.† Owen is trying to show that this person went to the war very young and now as he has came back he is so old that he can not even support his own back. Owen is showing the truth about war and that you do not become heroes when you come back from war instead you become unpopular and hated by people. His negative opinion about war becomes even more apparent when he mentions the blood lost by many soldiers during war. â€Å"He’s lost his colour very far from here, Poured down shell-holes till the veins ran dry.† Owen portrays the war in a pessimistic way and tries to influence people to listen to what he is saying and that war is horrible because it could ruin many people’s lives He feels that he has given so much for his country and he does not get anything back in return instead many people do not even want to know him. â€Å"And leap of purple spurted from his thigh.† He loved his youth. When his leg had blown away a massive part of him was now missing. One time he saw blood down his leg from a football injury, he thought this was great. Now he has no leg. He wonders why he joined the army. He tries to impress people as they told him he would do well in the army. There were a couple of reasons why he signed up the first reason was that his dear Meg would be pleased of him and the second reason was that in those days men thought that if they went to fight in a war the ladies back home would find them more attractive and think of them as heroes. At the time he was not frightened of being afraid. Owen says â€Å"And no fears of fear have come yet† He had thoughts of all the swords and other weaponry that he would receive in the army. He felt very happy in handling all the sophisticated machinery. He had great thoughts of wearing the smart uniform and making those proud salutes. At this moment he had no worries about the war and what he would face but instead he imagines all the enjoyable aspects of war. This quote shows that the war in those days was portrayed as exciting and pleasurable and that no one was told about the injuries that happen during war. So I think this is why the person in this poem had no worries because he did not know the disastrous affects that could scare him for life. He thought that playing football was great, the buzz he got from the cheering. People thought of him as hero. He thought that people would cheer for him in the army, he wanted to be a hero in the army. He thinks of the army spirit, the pride in his unit. He tells about how he was given cheers and the noise of the drums as he leaves. He is so very optimistic. When he is brought back the cheers were not like the ones before the cheers are in contrast to what he imagined. This is ironic to him because he thought everyone will be proud of him and greet him with honour but it was the opposite of what he had expected. Only a few people cheered when he came back only one man inquired this man was the priest. This makes him feel in a way betrayed because he was told that you would become a hero after the war and that your family and friends will be proud and thrilled that you fought for your country. As you can see this is not true and many people ignore him because of his appearance. The man feels that what he has done has been of no use because nobody appreciates that he risked his life for the sake of his country. His final thought in the poem is one of total depression. He thinks that life is pointless. He is so helpless he can not go to bed without someone there to help him. He feels as though he only has a few years left. He wants to be put to death as he feels like he has and can do nothing that he feels will make his life tolerable and he feels as though nothing that he does or feels will make him feel his life is worth it. He feels as if he has been demoralised and disheartened by the people that he used to once know. As you can see from both poems they are very powerful. Each of the two poems make a statement. One difference between the poems is that Dulce Est. is a view on the army as a whole and describes the effects of the soldiers. With Disabled it is just a description of the turmoil of one person. One issue that I feel both poems, have in common is that they both talk about how the soldiers were lied to and how they were sold a lie. This is more true of Dulce Et because it shows that all the soldiers where told the lie but with Disabled it just shows that one man was told the lie. Because of this lie many soldiers were affected in Dulce Et and only one person from Disabled was affected by it. If a person wanted an example of army life was like for a platoon at its worst I would show them Dulce Et Decorum. If I was asked about a poem that describes a poem where a person can see how the war affected people. I would recommend the poem Disabled because as you can see, it has devastating after effects. Disabled is in my opinion the most emotional of the stories as it represents a mans struggle for his life. This man can offer nothing to his country now. He can not even offer himself something. His life is in total disarray and nothing in his life is worth living for. While the people in Dulce Et are still alive this mans souls has in effect died. He has lost his colour and can not get used to the fact of being unpopular. I find Dulce Et Decorum to be the most powerful of the two poems. My reasons are as follows, although Disabled is a very good, very powerful poem in it’s own right it only describes the view of one person in the army. I think that what makes Dulce Et so powerful is that Owen speaks for the masses in the army when he talks of the daily horrifying sights and regular attempts by the Germans to gas them. This poem realistically showed the horrifying events which occurred during war. Reading these poems can enlighten a person. At the moment many people around the world must be thinking that their lives are so stressful and are under extreme pressure. But their life is no way as stressful and pressurising as these young men must have gone through. These events can put many social problems into perspective. Everyday this man had to battle through endless pain and suffering in sake of their nation but is it worth it? Is risking your life worth it for your country? I believe that war should never be the solution to any problem and that many people should discourage war instead of encouraging it.